Comparison of electromagnetic exposures from the positioning antenna of driverless vehicle in adult and child passengers

Abstract

With the rapid development of driverless systems technologies, the differences in
electromagnetic exposure levels amongst passengers of different ages have become a research
hotspot in this field. This study focuses on the electromagnetic exposure of adults and
children inside an electric vehicle caused by positioning antennas of driverless systems.
Based on the COMSOL Multiphysics software, an electromagnetic numerical calculation
model is established, including a vehicle body model, an antenna model, and separate models
for an adult and child. Considering the differences in body size and dielectric properties
between adults and children, the finite element method is used to calculate exposure levels
under the electromagnetic environment generated by the positioning antenna. The results
reveal that the electromagnetic exposure level in a child’s body is higher than that in an
adult due to the former’s smaller body size and higher dielectric parameters. This study
facilitates the evaluation of the electromagnetic environment of positioning antennas in
electric vehicle driverless systems, provides a basis for improving electromagnetic radiation
safety standards inside electric vehicles, and promotes the rapid development of electric
driverless technologies while ensuring public health and safety.