Titanium Dioxide Production from Low-Grade Ilmenite Ore: Mineral Characterization and Optimization

Authors

  • Y.I. Supriyatna Gadjah Mada University, Department of Chemical Engineering (Sustainable Mineral Processing Research Group), Faculty of Engineering, Jalan Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM Bulaksumur, D. I. Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-5975
  • W. Astuti Research Center of Mining Technology, National Research and Inovation Agency (PRTPB-BRIN), JL IR Sutami km 15 Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung35361, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9364-4291
  • S. Sumardi Research Center of Mining Technology, National Research and Inovation Agency (PRTPB-BRIN), JL IR Sutami km 15 Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung35361, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6023-5619
  • A. Prasetya Unconventional Geo-resources Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, UGM, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta , 55281 Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6473-7544
  • L.I. Br. Ginting Department of Material and Metallurgical Engineering, Kali manta n Institute of Technology , Jl. Soekarno-Hatta Km. 15, Karang Joang, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, 76127, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-929X
  • W. Wahab Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Halu Oleo University, Kampus Hijau Bumi Tridharma, Anduonohu, Kendari, Southeast Sulaw esi, 93232, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-8168
  • H.T.B. Murti Petrus Unconventional Geo-resources Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, UGM, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta , 55281 Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-0784

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2025.152508

Abstract

The characterization of low-grade ilmenite ore from Banten (Indonesia) is investigated, as well as the effects of particle size, NaOH:Ti ratio, and fusion time on Ti and Fe content in TiO2 products. Mineral separation of low-grade ilmenite ore was performed using wet gravity, followed by sieving. Each sample size’s magnetization (using 10,000 Gauss magnets) is followed by weighing the magnetization results. The sifted and magnetized samples were then analyzed with XRF for composition analysis and XRD for compound determination. FE-SEM was applied to analyze morphology. A microscope was used for metalografi analysis. The fusion temperature of the optimization process was determined using STA. Fusion times were 10, 30, 60, 90, and 150 minutes at 850°C, with a NaOH:Ti ratio (w/w) of 1:2, 2:1, and 4:1, and particle sizes of 0.177-0.149 mm, 0.149-0.105 mm, and 0.105-0.074 mm. The minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and coesite (SiO2) dominate the characterization of Banten low-grade ilmenite ore. Sixty minutes of fusion at 850°C with a 2:1 NaOH:Ti ratio (w/w) and 0.177-0.149 mm with 94.44% TiO2 in a product was optimal.

Published

2025-03-20

How to Cite

Supriyatna, Y.I., et al. “Titanium Dioxide Production from Low-Grade Ilmenite Ore: Mineral Characterization and Optimization”. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, vol. 70, no. 1, Mar. 2025, doi:10.24425/amm.2025.152508.

Issue

Vol. 70 No. 1 (2025)

Section

Articles