Mixed convective chemically reacted hybrid nanofluid flowing over a non-isothermal/non-isosolutal cone/wedge with heat generation/absorption: A numerical study

Abstract

The current study explores numerically steady-state, two-dimensional, incompressible, laminar mixed convective flow of a chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid composed of Al₂O₃ – H₂O over a vertical non- isothermal/isosolutal wedge and cone configurations, taking into account the impact of a heat absorption or generation parameter. Utilising similarity transformations, the set of governing equations was reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations. This model incorporates the conservation equations for energy, mass and momentum, which are solved numerically by using the BVP-5C method and the Runge-Kutta shooting technique in MATLAB. The influences of key factors on the flow fields, as well as on the mass and heat transmission rates, are analysed and presented through graphical and tabular formats. The outcome reveals that both solutal and thermal Grashof numbers display a comparable influence on the flow behaviour. As these parameters increase, an enhancement in the velocity profile is observed, whereas concentration and temperature distributions tend to decline. Additionally, an increase in the heat generation and thermal radiation parameters results in elevated temperature distributions for both wedge and cone geometries. In contrast, the chemical reaction factor contributes to a decrease in concentration distribution. The influence is more prominent in the wedge configuration than in the cone, where the profile exhibits an increasing behaviour, while the cone shows a stronger response in scenarios where the profile decreases. The mass and heat transmission rates corresponding to the key parameters are presented in tabulated form. The proposed model has been rigorously verified against previously reported data and demonstrates excellent agreement.