Thermomagnetic convection and entropy generation in a hybrid nanofluid filled wavy-walled cavity heated non-uniformly

Authors

  • Nirmalendu Biswas Department of Power Engineering, Jadavpur University, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India
  • Dipak Kumar Mandal Department of of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College Samastipur, Bihar-848127, India
  • Nirmal K. Manna Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
  • Ali Cemal Benim Department Mechanical and Process Engineering, Duesseldorf University of Applied Sciences, Germany

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24425/ather.2025.154182

Keywords

magnetohydrodynamic flow, nanofluid flow, hybrid wavy-wall heating, entropy generation, heat transfer

Abstract

In this work, thermomagnetic convection and irreversibility production in a hybrid nanofluid-filled wavy-walled porous thermal system containing a semi-circular heated bottom is presented. Both the sidewalls of the enclosure are cooled and undulated with varying undulation numbers. The lower wall is partially undulated following a semi-circular-shaped object and is heated isothermally. The horizontal walls are insulated. The cavity is occupied with Cu-Al2O3/water-based hybrid nanofluid and porous substances under the impact of the evenly applied horizontal magnetic field. This work significantly contributes to the existing research rendering an exhaustive understanding of the hydrothermal flow-physics as well as irreversibility production of a hybrid nanofluid in the cavity having surface undulation. The Galerkin weighted finite element method is utilized to solve the mathematical model. The hydrothermal performance of the thermal system is considerably influenced by various pertinent factors such as Darcy-Rayleigh number, Darcy number, Hartmann number, and number of undulations. The wall undulations have a critical role in altering the hydrothermal performance. Heatlines are used to analyse heat transport dynamics from the protruded hot surface to the heat sink. The protruded heater wall induces the formation of a hot upward plume in the nearest fluid layers. The flow divides into two parts forming a pair of circulations due to symmetrical cooling at the sidewalls. The flow behaviours are significantly dampened by increasing the Hartmann number. The associated total entropy generation is also demonstrated. This study contributes to the existing domain knowledge and provides insights for designing and optimizing similar thermal systems.

References

1. Hartmann, J. (1937). Hg-dynamics I. Theory of the laminar flow of an electrically conductive liquid in a homogeneous magnetic field. Det Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Mathematisk-fysiske Meddelelser, 15(6).

2. Manna, N. K., & Biswas, N. (2021). Magnetic force vectors as a new visualization tool for MHD convection. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 167, 107004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107004

3. Barnothy, M. F. (Ed.). (1964). Biological effects of magnetic fields. Plenum Press.

4. Rashidi, S., Esfahani, J. A., & Maskaniyan, M. (2017). Applications of magnetohydrodynamics in biological systems—A review on numerical studies. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 439, 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.05.014

5. Ozoe, H. (2005). Magnetic convection. Imperial College Press.

6. Ganguly, R., Sen, S., & Puri, I. K. (2004). Thermomagnetic convection in a square enclosure using a line dipole. Physics of Fluids, 16(7), 2228–2236. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1736691

7. M’hamed, B., Sidik, N. A. C., Yazid, M. N. A. W. M., Mamat, R., Najafi, G., & Kefayati, G. H. R. (2016). Why researchers apply external magnetic fields on nanofluids: A review. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 78, 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.08.023

8. Manna, N. K., Mondal, C., Biswas, N., Sarkar, U. K., Öztop, H. F., & Abu-Hamdeh, N. H. (2021). Effect of multibanded magnetic field on convective heat transport. Physics of Fluids, 33, 053604. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043461

9. Kabeel, A. E., El-Said, E. M. S., & Dafea, S. A. (2015). Magnetic field effects on flow and heat transfer. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 45, 830–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.02.029

10. Khaled, A.-R. A., & Vafai, K. (2003). Porous media in biological tissues. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 46(26), 4989–5003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(03)00301-6

11. Manna, N. K., Mondal, M. K., & Biswas, N. (2021). Multi-banding magnetic field application. Physica Scripta, 96(6), 065001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/abecbf

12. Shenoy, A., Sheremet, M., & Pop, I. (2016). Convective flow and heat transfer. CRC Press.

13. Dalal, A., & Das, M. K. (2006). Natural convection in a cavity with wavy wall. Journal of Heat Transfer, 128(7), 717–725. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2194044

14. Cheong, H. T., Sivasankaran, S., & Bhuvaneswari, M. (2017). Natural convection in a wavy porous cavity. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 27(2), 287–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-07-2015-0272

15. Al-Srayyih, B. M., Gao, S., & Hussain, S. H. (2019). Hybrid nanofluid in porous medium. Physics of Fluids, 31, 043609. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5080671

16. Babar, H., Sajid, M. U., & Ali, H. M. (2019). Viscosity of hybrid nanofluids. Thermal Science, 23, 1713–1754. https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI181128015B

17. Sarkar, J., Ghosh, P., & Adil, A. (2015). Hybrid nanofluids overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 43, 164–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.023

18. Kasaeian, A., Daneshazarian, R., Mahian, O., Kolsi, L., Chamkha, A. J., Wongwises, S., & Pop, I. (2017). Nanofluid flow in porous media. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 107, 778–791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.11.074

19. Biswas, N., Mandal, D. K., Manna, N. K., Gorla, R. S. R., & Chamkha, A. J. (2021). Magnetohydrodynamic characteristics. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 32(5), 1742–1777. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-03-2021-0190

20. Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., Chamkha, A. J., & Mandal, D. K. (2021). Effect of surface waviness. Physica Scripta, 96(10), 105002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac0f94

21. Mandal, D. K., Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., Gorla, R. S. R., & Chamkha, A. J. (2022). Magneto-thermal convection. European Physical Journal Special Topics, 231, 2695–2712. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00595-6

22. Biswas, N., Mondal, M. K., Mandal, D. K., Manna, N. K., Gorla, R. S. R., & Chamkha, A. J. (2022). A narrative loom of hybrid nanofluid filled wavy walled tilted porous enclosure imposing a partially active magnetic field. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 217, 107028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2021.107028

23. Bahmani, M., Babagoli, M., Jalili, P., Jalili, B., & Ganji, D. D. (2024). The numerical study on the MHD natural convection trend of square/circle corrugated porous media. Journal of Engineering Research (in press). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jer.2024.05.012

24. Hamid, M., Usman, M., Khan, W. A., Haq, R. U., & Tian, Z. (2024). Characterizing natural convection and thermal behavior in a square cavity with curvilinear corners and central circular obstacles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 248(A), 123133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.123133

25. Pandit, S., Mondal, M. K., Manna, N. K., Sanyal, D., Biswas, N., & Mandal, D. K. (2024). Synergistic effects of multi-segmented magnetic fields, wavy-segmented cooling, and distributed heating on hybrid nanofluid convective flow in tilted porous enclosures. International Journal of Thermofluids, 4, 100826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2024.100826

26. Guedri, K., Zaim, A. N., Sajadi, S. M., Jasim, D. J., Aissa, A., Salahshour, S., Almuhtady, A., Younis, O., Baghaei, S., & AlKouz, W. (2024). Investigation of free convection in a wavy trapezoidal porous cavity with MWCNT-Fe₃O₄/Water hybrid nanofluid under MHD effects: Galerkin finite element analysis. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 56, 104243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.104243

27. Mandal, D. K., Mondal, M. K., Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., Al-Farhany, K., Mitra, A., & Chamkha, A. J. (2024). Convective heat transport in a porous wavy enclosure: nonuniform multi-frequency heating with hybrid nanofluid and magnetic field. Heliyon, 10(9), e29846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29846

28. Al-Dulaimi, Z., Kadhim, H. T., Jaffer, M. F., Al-Manea, A., Al-Rbaihat, R., & Alahmer, A. (2024). Enhanced conjugate natural convection in a corrugated porous enclosure with Ag-MgO hybrid nanofluid. International Journal of Thermofluids, 21, 100574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2024.100574

29. Said, M. A., Togun, H., Abed, A. M., Biswas, N., Mohammed, H. I., Sultan, H. S., Mahdi, J. M., & Talebizadehsardari, P. (2024). Evaluation of wavy wall configurations for accelerated heat recovery in triplex-tube energy storage units for building heating applications. Journal of Building Engineering, 94, 109762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.109762

30. Manna, N. K., Saha, A., Biswas, N., & Ghosh, K. (2024). Shape matters: Convection and entropy generation in magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow in constraint-based analogous annular thermal systems. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2024.2347585

31. Chatterjee, D., Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., & Mandal, D. K. (2023). Magneto-nanofluidic convection and entropy generation in discretely heated cylindrical annuli with central conducting obstructions. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 569, 170442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.170442

32. Maxwell, J. (1904). A treatise on electricity and magnetism (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

33. Brinkman, H. C. (1952). The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solutions. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 20(4), 571–580. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1700493

34. Chatterjee, D., Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., & Sarkar, S. (2023). Effect of discrete heating-cooling on magneto-thermal hybrid nanofluidic convection in cylindrical system. International Journal of Mechanical Science, 238, 107852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2022.107852

35. Halder, A., Bhattacharya, A., Biswas, N., Manna, N. K., & Mandal, D. K. (2024). Convective heat transport and entropy generation in butterfly-shaped magneto-nanofluidic systems with bottom heating and top cooling. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 34(2), 837–877. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-06-2023-0353

36. Suresh, S., Venkitaraj, K., Selvakumar, P., & Chandrasekar, M. (2012). Effect of Al₂O₃–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid in heat transfer. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 38, 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.11.007

37. Biswas, N., Chatterjee, D., Sarkar, S., & Manna, N. K. (2024). Magneto-nanofluidic thermal transport and irreversibility in semicircular systems with heated wavy bottom under constant fluid volume and cooling surface constraints. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 34(2), 1021–1059. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-06-2023-0354

38. Ghasemi, B., Aminossadati, S. M., & Raisi, A. (2011). Magnetic field effect on natural convection in a nanofluid-filled square enclosure. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 50(9), 1748–1756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2011.04.010

39. Pandit, S., Mondal, M. K., Manna, N. K., Sanyal, D., Biswas, N., & Mandal, D. K. (2024). Synergistic effects of multi-segmented magnetic fields, wavy-segmented cooling, and distributed heating on hybrid nanofluid convective flow in tilted porous enclosures. International Journal of Thermofluids, 24, 100826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2024.100826

Downloads

Published

2025-03-30

How to Cite

Biswas, Nirmalendu, et al. “Thermomagnetic Convection and Entropy Generation in a Hybrid Nanofluid Filled Wavy-Walled Cavity Heated Non-Uniformly”. Archives of Thermodynamics, vol. 46, no. 1, Mar. 2025, pp. 61-81, doi:10.24425/ather.2025.154182.

Issue

Vol. 46 No. 1 (2025)

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.