Ultrasound-assisted direct exfoliation using supercritical carbon dioxide as a novel method of graphene flake production

Authors

  • Małgorzata Djas Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland; Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Aleja Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9014-7134
  • Jakub Jagiełło Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Aleja Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6094-9582
  • Artur Dobrowolski Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Aleja Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3410-1523
  • Magdalena Romaniec Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Aleja Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-7705
  • Marek Henczka Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645, Warsaw, Poland
  • Krystian Kowiorski Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Aleja Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3857-3413

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24425/cpe.2026.158121

Keywords

graphene flake, graphene nanoplatelets, direct exfoliation, supercritical carbon dioxide, ultrasound

Abstract

In the present study, a new method involving ultrasound-assisted direct exfoliation with supercritical carbon dioxide is reported for graphene flake production. The influence of the starting material type – graphite (natural and expanded graphite) and duration of ultrasound treatment on the quality of the produced graphene-based material was assessed. By conducting scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, it was found that the use of expanded graphite combined with 5 h of sonication in supercritical carbon dioxide yielded graphene nanoplatelets.

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Published

30-03-2026

How to Cite

Djas, Małgorzata, et al. “Ultrasound-Assisted Direct Exfoliation Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As a Novel Method of Graphene Flake Production”. Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers, vol. 47, no. 1, Mar. 2026, p. e123, doi:10.24425/cpe.2026.158121.

Issue

Vol. 47 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Article

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Chemical and Process Engineering: New Frontiers

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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