Higher-order soliton pulse propagation in lutetium aluminium glasses-doped cerium Lu₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺

Abstract

This study investigates the propagation of higher-order solitons in lutetium aluminium garnet (Lu₃Al₅O₁₂ or LuAG) doped with cerium (Ce³⁺), a material known for its unique nonlinear optical properties. Using the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NSE), the authors analyse the soliton formation and stability within this medium, exploring both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. Experimental observations confirm the first occurrence of higher-order optical solitons in Lu₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce₃₊, highlighting the material potential for advanced photonic applications. The interplay between pulse duration, bandwidth, and material nonlinearities is examined to understand the dynamics governing soliton behaviour. The authors’ findings suggest that the exceptional optical characteristics of LuAG:Ce enable promising prospects for applications in optical communication, ultrafast lasers, and signal processing. The results emphasise the importance of ongoing research into soliton dynamics within this crystal, paving the way for innovative approaches in the development of next-generation photonic devices.