Characterisation of a graphene/NPB structure with Re₂O₇ as an interfacial layer for OLED application

Authors

  • Paweł Krukowski Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-6908
  • Michał Piskorski Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0479-164X
  • Maciej Rogala Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7898-5087
  • Paweł Dąbrowski Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9298-7046
  • Iaroslav Lutsyk Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1213-9969
  • Witold Kozłowski Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0341-1481
  • Dorota A. Kowalczyk Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5171-5490
  • Patryk Krempiński Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-7030
  • Maxime Le Ster Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-799X
  • Aleksandra Nadolska Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-6533
  • Klaudia Toczek Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-5130
  • Przemysław Przybysz Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-7941
  • Rafał Dunal Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, 149/153 Pomorska St., 90–236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-5027
  • Wojciech Ryś Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8188-6071
  • Shankhanil Sarkar Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3807-8703
  • Beata Łuszczyńska Department of Molecular Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Lodz University of Technology, ul. Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-4222
  • Paweł J. Kowalczyk Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-4366

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24425/opelre.2024.148441

Keywords

graphene, rhenium oxide, NPB, anode

Abstract

A graphene/NPB structure with Re2O7 as an interfacial layer in the context of its potential use in the design of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is investigated. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study shows the formation of the Re2O7 phase on a monolayer graphene on quartz during thermal deposition in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) study shows an enhancement of the work function of the graphene heterostructure after deposition of the Re2O7 layer up to 5.4 eV. The hole injection barrier between the Re2O7/graphene heterostructure and the N-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N-diphenyl-(1,1-biphenyl)-4,4-diamine (NPB) layer was estimated to be 0.35 eV, which is very promising for a good OLED performance.

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Published

2026-03-07

How to Cite

Krukowski, Paweł, et al. “Characterisation of a Graphene NPB Structure With Re₂O₇ As an Interfacial Layer for OLED Application”. Opto-Electronics Review, vol. 32, no. 1, Mar. 2026, p. e147913, doi:10.24425/opelre.2024.148441.

Issue

Vol. 32 No. 1 (2024)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Opto-Electronics Review

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