Assessment of the potential of Ukrainian agrobiomass for biogas production in the context of ensuring food and energy security

Abstract

In the context of global challenges, in particular the martial law in Ukraine and the turbulence in the global energy market, the issues of ensuring food and energy security are becoming paramount. This article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the potential for using Ukrainian agrobiomass for biogas production, which is considered a key direction for achieving sustainable development and strengthening national independence. The conducted research demonstrates the significant untapped potential of Ukraine in biogas production from various agrobiomass, including crop residues, manure, and food industry waste. The realization of this potential promises significant economic benefits, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the profitability of the agricultural sector, obtaining valuable organic fertilizers, as well as reducing critical dependence on energy imports. The national potential for biomethane production in Ukraine is estimated at over 8.4 billion m³ per year. However, despite the clear benefits, the development of Ukraine’s biogas industry faces major obstacles. These include the high initial cost of biogas plants, which restricts their use in both large companies and households. Additionally, a lack of adequate state incentives and sufficient investment also hinders development. To overcome these barriers and fully realize the biogas potential, the article justifies the need to develop and implement a comprehensive state support program. These measures are vital to promoting energy autonomy, improving the environmental situation, stimulating economic growth, and effectively rebuilding Ukraine in the post war period.